The Truth About African Rail: Where It Works

When it comes to rail travel, Africa is often overlooked—or dismissed altogether. Many travelers assume that railways across the continent are defunct, unreliable, or nonexistent. But that’s far from the full story.

While challenges certainly exist, several countries in Africa offer functioning, efficient, and even luxurious train routes. Let’s debunk some persistent myths and shed light on where African rail actually works—and why it might surprise you.

Myth #1: Africa Has No Modern Passenger Trains

This myth is rooted in outdated perceptions. While some legacy systems have indeed fallen into disrepair, recent decades have seen major rail investments in key countries. From electrified routes in Morocco to new Chinese-built lines in East Africa, modern trains are very much a reality.

Not only are there functioning trains, but some of them rival or exceed standards seen in parts of Europe or Asia. The following examples speak for themselves:

• Morocco’s Al Boraq: Africa’s first high-speed train (320 km/h), launched in 2018.
• Ethiopia-Djibouti line: modern electric train connecting Addis Ababa to Djibouti Port.
• Kenya’s SGR (Standard Gauge Railway): daily Nairobi–Mombasa passenger service.
• South Africa’s Gautrain: rapid commuter rail serving Johannesburg and Pretoria.
• Tanzania is building a new high-speed standard gauge network.
• Nigeria launched new intercity services between Abuja and Kaduna.
• Zambia and Zimbabwe continue to operate passenger routes on classic lines.

Myth #2: African Trains Are Only for Freight

Freight rail does play a huge role across Africa, but the assumption that passenger services are obsolete or nonexistent is false. Many routes operate daily and serve thousands of local commuters as well as tourists.

Passenger lines are often reliable for medium-distance travel, offering an affordable and scenic alternative to buses or flights.

Here’s how passenger services hold up across different parts of the continent:

• The Nairobi–Mombasa SGR carries over 5 million passengers annually.
• Ethiopia’s passenger route to Djibouti runs up to 3 times a week.
• South Africa’s Shosholoza Meyl connects major cities like Cape Town and Durban.
• Several private operators offer heritage and tourist trains, such as Rovos Rail.
• Tunis–Sousse in Tunisia has regular commuter-style service.
• Sudan and Egypt maintain regional and intercity routes on classic infrastructure.
• Zambia’s Tazara Line still runs between Kapiri Mposhi and Dar es Salaam.

Myth #3: African Rail Is Unsafe or Uncomfortable

While not every route meets luxury standards, many trains are comfortable, clean, and operated by trained professionals. Security protocols vary, but major lines generally have a strong safety record.

From air-conditioned coaches to dining cars and reclining seats, African rail isn’t just viable—it’s often enjoyable.

These examples highlight the comfort and safety found on key services:

• Morocco’s ONCF offers Wi-Fi and air conditioning in first-class coaches.
• Kenya’s SGR trains have clean toilets, luggage space, and quiet coaches.
• Rovos Rail offers all-inclusive luxury service with fine dining and suites.
• Ethiopia’s modern trains feature fixed seating and onboard security.
• Gautrain in South Africa uses turnstile entry and monitored cars.
• Basic but clean overnight sleepers still operate in Zimbabwe and Zambia.
• Stations on high-traffic routes have visible security presence and digital signage.

Common Mistakes

Travelers sometimes get tripped up by assumptions or logistical errors. Here are common mistakes to avoid:

• Assuming no ticket pre-booking is needed—some lines sell out.
• Expecting Western-style infrastructure everywhere.
• Overlooking local train options in favor of expensive flights.
• Not checking language/local signage when navigating stations.

Advice for Beginners

New to African rail? These tips will help you travel with confidence:

• Research each country’s national rail provider for schedules.
• Use local platforms or agents to book tickets in advance.
• Check if ID or passport is needed for booking or boarding.
• Be flexible—weather and maintenance can affect schedules.

Expert Tips

Experienced rail travelers in Africa offer these pro insights:

• Travel during daylight hours for safety and scenery.
• Choose first class or upgraded options where available—it’s affordable.
• Bring snacks and bottled water, even on long routes.
• Pack motion sickness aids for mountainous or curvy tracks.

Takeaway

Africa’s rail network may not be universally modern, but in several countries, it’s a reliable, affordable, and scenic way to travel. With more investment and new routes every year, now’s the time to rethink what’s possible on the rails of this diverse continent. Forget the myths—African trains are moving, and they’re worth your ticket.